Computer Logic

Computer Logic

* Bistable Devices

           - Also known as a 2-STATE DEVICE
           - Like a switch on a wall because only one of two possible states at any given time either on or off     
           - One example is a bulb it may be lluminted or not illuminated.

 * What are computers made of?

     - Transistors are elementary building block for all modern computer and are much like the light switch and it is also a solid-state device.
     -  This allows it to be fast as well as extremely small.

* Binary
   - Binary is a number system.
     - It is represented by 0's and 1's.

* Using many bits
     - A bit is a single digit from a binary number. It is either a 1 or a 0.
     - To find how many different values we can represent by the number of bits, we need to remember the equation 2 to the power of the number of bits.

*  Number Convertions
       - The bit with the smallest value is called the LEAST SINGNIFICANT BIT (LSB)
       - The bit with the largest value is called the MOST SIGNIFICANT BIT (MSB)

* ASCII
    - This stands for AMERICAN STANDARD CODE for INFORMATION INTERCHANGE
    -  This is an 8-bit code used to represent characters in binary.
    - This code can store 256 characters.

* Units of storage
   - 8 bits represent 1 byte.

* Unicode
     - Unfortunately the ASCII code was not enough and so we invented the unicode.
     - This allows 16 bit instead of 8 bit.
     - Instead of 265 it represents 16,536.
     - An organisation known as the Unicode Consortium was formed to deal with these and other problems.

    * Analogue and Digital Data
       - An analogue device is one in which data is represented by some quantity which is continuously changing. Like the traditional wall watch.
          - A digital device is a device that shows data at discrete intervals. Like the Digital thermometer.

* Converting Analogue to digital
    - Modem is also known as MODulator DEModulator.
      - Its purpose is to convert between the analogue signals used in telephone cables and the digital signals used by a computer.

* Sound card
   - It is needed to output for music or speech from programs, CD-ROMs, and input analogue sound signals from a microphone.

* Network card
     - It lets computers communicate with other computers that are networked together.
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Columns. Don't waste!

Your Name in Binary

Lol!! My Name has a lot of 1 and 0

ASCII and Uicode

Binary System

Binary game! Veery interesting!!

 

 

 

Virus/Anti-Virus

*  A virus harm your computer

* An Anti-Virus protects you against newely created viruses.

Compressing a file:
* When you compress a file it takes less space and it can also be transferred to other computer more quickly.

Defragmentation:
* It organises the Hard Disk

Scan Disk:
* It checks your disk from any errors or faults
* It emarginate the faulty sectors so that they are not used anymore.

Formatting a Diskette:
* When you format a disk you divide the disk into areas called tracks and sectors.
* You loose everthing you had  on the thing you had formatted.

Topic 1

Topic 1: The computer System

 

 

Data & Information:

•     Data is numbers that don't mean anything but information is when the data would be put in a structure that we would understand (in abc).

• Data + Structure = Information

Computer:

•       it is a mchine that when programmed it would accept data and then processed into information.
• Input > Process > Output

• In the process we store data

Types of computers:

• Supercomputers -The most powerful computers
• Mainframe computers - Less powerful then supercomputers but they are fast
• Microcomputers - There are Desktop computers and Laptop computers
• PDA (Personal Digital Assistants) - Also known as palmtop computers
• Embedded computers - Contain some form of build in computer

Hardware/ Software:

• Harware - Something we touch and see
• Software - Installed into the computer

 System software/ Application software:

• Application software - Used by people to perform general tasks
• System Software - Programs used by the computer itself for it its internal activity and to  run  application software.

CPU (Central processing unit):

• The brain of the computer
• In the motherboard

Main Memory:

•  RAM (Random Acess Memory) read/write memory
• ROM (Read Only Memory) read memory

Backing storage:

• Storing data outside the main memory

Bus:

• A set of parallel wires connecting two or more components (units) of a computer
• There are 3 :

                 - The address Bus
                -  The data Bus
                - The control Bus
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Thanks that was topic 1. I hope you found this useful and you liked it!!!

How will these work?

Hi. In this blog we are going to discover more about computers!!!